Obesity is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and damage to the nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Despite a remarkable proportion of scientific, medical and socio-economic resources invested in the study and control of obesity, it has escalated in recent decades to pandemic proportions. Projections indicate that by 2035, more than a quarter of the world’s population, or nearly 4 billion people, will be overweight or obese. Advances in molecular pharmacology, aided by “-omics” approaches, have provided an enriched molecular map of signaling pathways involved in obesity and metabolic dysfunctions. There is multidirectional regulation between these signaling pathways that needs to be explored in detail.